Stages of Alzheimer’s Disease

Alzheimer’s disease requires extensive and accurate medical attention. Our distinguished doctors have specialized training in memory loss and geriatrics to help determine the cause, develop a comprehensive treatment plan and connect you with an ongoing support system.

Researchers at the Nantz National Alzheimer Center continue to make key scientific discoveries aimed at finding new and more effective ways to slow the progression of the disease or even stop it in its tracks. Currently there is no cure for Alzheimer’s disease — but there is hope. Our team of neurologists is here to help you understand what to expect and to guide you through the various stages of dementia as the disease progresses.

Causes of Alzheimer's Disease

The exact cause of Alzheimer's disease is still unknown. Researchers believe Alzheimer’s disease may result from a combination of genetics, environment and lifestyle leading to damage to the cells of the brain. 

Risk factors include:

• Age – Alzheimer's typically occurs in people over the age of 65, though it can occur at an earlier age. More research is needed to study the effects of aging on cognitive decline in the brain and its relationship to Alzheimer’s disease.
• Genetics – Researchers have identified several genes that may play a role in the development of Alzheimer’s disease. One is identified as apolipoprotein E (APOE4), although genetic testing for APOE4 will not predict whether a person will develop Alzheimer’s disease.
• Variants – Everyone has the normal (also called wild type) APOE4 gene, but some people inherit one of many variants (also called alleles or mutations) of APOE4. Having an unusual form of APOE4 does not mean you will get Alzheimer’s disease and having normal APOE does not guarantee that you will not.
• Vascular and metabolic disorders – Current research shows a link between cognitive decline and disorders such as heart disease, hypertension, stroke, diabetes and obesity. More research is needed to better understand these relationships and to determine whether changing these risk factors can affect the development or progression of Alzheimer’s disease. 

Signs and Symptoms Before Diagnosis

Subtle behavior changes, such as forgetfulness or mood swings, may occur in a person with Alzheimer's disease, even before a diagnosis. If you are concerned you or a loved one may be showing signs of dementia, the earlier you seek medical attention, the better.

If an Alzheimer’s diagnosis is confirmed, our physicians can begin treatment that might slow the progression of the disease and provide the caregiver with much-needed help and support. Swift care is needed to maximize the ability to function and respond to treatment. 

Symptoms of Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI)

This is the stage between the normal cognitive decline of aging and serious decline of dementia. During this stage, issues relating to memory, language and judgment are more severe than normal age-related changes. However, they are not severe enough to restrict regular work or activities of daily living.

There is still no diagnosis of early stage or mild Alzheimer’s disease. But there is an increased risk of developing Alzheimer’s disease or other types of dementia.