Breast Cancer Surgery

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Breast cancer surgeons at Houston Methodist have extensive experience in the most advanced surgical techniques available. We provide advanced cancer care at eight locations across the Greater Houston area, allowing you or your loved one to receive breast cancer treatment close to home or work. Multiple locations can make it easier for Houstonians to access high-quality breast cancer treatment with fewer difficulties.

Our Approach to Breast Cancer Surgery

Our experts use many different innovative techniques and advanced procedures. For instance, we use a technique called radiofrequency localization to help ensure that abnormal breast tissue is resected, and the surrounding healthy tissue is spared. We also have expertise in several types of mastectomies.  

The size and location of the tumor, as well as the overall health of the patient, are factors that our health care team considers when deciding on the best treatment options for you. Ultimately, our goal is to effectively remove breast tumors while preserving as much healthy breast tissue as possible. We also partner closely with reconstructive surgeons to design a treatment plan that keeps your femininity top of mind.

Breast Cancer Surgery Options We Offer

Surgery is almost always needed to treat breast cancer. Depending on its type and stage, one of several surgical procedures below may be considered.

Mastectomy

A mastectomy involves the removal of the entire breast, and rarely the underlying muscle. It is commonly performed in cases of widespread cancer or when there is a high risk of recurrence. A mastectomy is often pursued over less-invasive surgeries when the tumor is large, there are multiple tumors, or due to genetic factors that significantly increase the risk of cancer.

Nipple-Sparing Mastectomy

This is a variation of the traditional mastectomy where all breast tissue is removed while the nipple, areola and surrounding skin is preserved. It is often an option for early-stage cancers. The benefit of this approach is that it can offer better cosmetic results and may help with the psychological challenges of breast cancer recovery.

Skin-Sparing Mastectomy

Similar to nipple-sparing mastectomy, this procedure involves the removal of all breast tissue, the nipple and the areola, but preserves most of the breast skin. This is typically used for early-stage breast cancer and is often followed by immediate breast reconstruction. The advantage is that it allows for more natural-looking reconstruction results.

Lumpectomy (Partial Mastectomy)

Also known as breast-conserving surgery, a lumpectomy involves removing only the tumor and a small margin of surrounding healthy tissue. It's commonly used for early-stage cancers and is often followed by radiation therapy. This surgery is chosen when the cancer is small and localized, allowing for breast preservation.

Hidden Scar Breast Cancer Surgery

This is a technique used in both lumpectomy and mastectomy where incisions are made in less visible areas — such as under the breast, along the edge of the areola or in the armpit — to minimize scarring. It's suitable for a variety of cancer stages and types. The choice of this surgery is often driven by the desire to improve cosmetic outcomes and lessen the emotional impact of surgical scars.

Lymphadenectomy (Lymph Node Removal)

To determine if cancer has spread beyond the breast, lymph nodes around the affected area of the breast, typically in the armpit area, may be removed. This enables lymph node tissue to be examined under a microscope for the presence of cancer cells, making it an important part of breast cancer staging.

Coordinating Your Breast Cancer Surgery Care Plan to Include Breast Reconstruction

Whenever possible, our breast surgeons and reconstructive surgeons work closely together to develop a plan to remove breast cancer and perform advanced breast reconstruction so you can maintain your femininity.

One aspect of this comprehensive plan includes a sophisticated surgical technique, in which our highly trained reconstructive surgeons restore breast sensation after surgery. 

Understanding Your Treatment Options and Making an Informed Decision

We understand choosing a treatment option for breast cancer can be overwhelming. That’s why our care team is here to provide you with all the necessary information about the different surgeries, potential side effects and recovery times. We also discuss the possibility of chemotherapy or radiation therapy as part of your treatment plan.

We believe in empowering our patients to make informed decisions about their health. We consider your personal situation, history and feelings when discussing treatment options. We also encourage you to involve your family and friends in your decision-making process.

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    FAQs About Breast Cancer Surgery

    Who are the ideal candidates for breast cancer surgery?

    Breast cancer surgery is commonly an option for individuals with localized tumors where the cancer has not extensively spread to distant parts of the body. The potential for surgery also depends on the type and stage of the cancer, as well as the patient's overall health, medical history and personal preferences. Each case is unique, and the decision for surgery is made taking into consideration the best possible outcome for the patient's health and quality of life.

    What are the potential side effects of breast cancer surgery?

    Potential side effects may vary depending on the type of surgery performed and the individual patient's health. Common side effects include pain, tenderness, swelling and temporary bruising in the treated area. There also may be scarring and changes in breast shape or appearance. 

    It's also possible to experience emotional impacts due to changes in body image. Our team will discuss all potential side effects with you or your loved one prior to surgery.

    Is breast cancer surgery painful?

    Like any surgical procedure, breast cancer surgery can include some level of pain or discomfort. The intensity and duration of pain depends on the type of surgery performed, the individual's pain tolerance and the body's healing response. Surgical oncologists work with anesthesiologists to perform nerve blocks that prevent pain before it starts.

    Most patients report that the pain is moderate and diminishes significantly within the first few days to weeks after surgery. It's important to follow your care team’s instructions for pain management and recovery to ensure the most comfortable healing process.

    Does all breast cancer require surgery?

    No. While surgery is a common treatment option, not all breast cancer cases require surgery. The decision to undergo surgery depends on the type and stage of the cancer, the patient’s overall health, age, personal preferences, and whether the cancer has spread to other parts of the body.