Winter has a way of slowing things down. But don't let falling temperatures lull you into slowing your pace during chillier months.

"With cold weather often comes less activity," explains Dr. Tim Brown, an orthopedic surgeon at Houston Methodist. "Less activity can lead to muscle weakness and inflammation causing joint pain and stiffness."

Inactivity during the winter can set off a chain reaction. Pain and stiffness discourage movement, which can further limit both blood flow to the joints and lubrication of the joints. Over time, this can snowball into more significant joint problems. But there are simple ways to keep your joints limber, even when the temperature drops.

Does cold weather really affect joint pain?

You might wonder if the cold is truly to blame for your aching knees and hips. While researchers haven't pinpointed an exact reason why joint pain seems worse in the winter, here are a few theories:

• Drop in barometric pressure – changes in air pressure can affect the pressure within joints, making any underlying swelling feel more painful
• Decreased circulation – cold weather can reduce blood flow to the extremities, potentially leading to stiffer muscles and joints
• Inactivity – the tendency to hibernate in the winter can lead to less overall movement, which may lead to joint stiffness and aches

You can't change the weather, but you can control how much you're moving.

"Being still during cold temperatures gives our joints a chance to ache," says Dr. Brown. "It's also normal to lose interest in exercising when we hurt, so a cycle begins that's hard to break. The best thing to do to fend off that stiffness and pain is to keep moving through the cold months."

(Related: How Much Exercise Do You Need?)

Tips to stay moving when it's cold outisde

When cold weather makes it difficult to enjoy being outside, consider ways to keep moving inside. Here are some indoor ideas if you don't already have an exercise plan in place:

• Pedal a stationary bike – a low-impact way to keep your hips and knees in motion
• Take the stairs – even a few flights per day can help maintain leg strength and promote joint health
• Try yoga or Tai Chi – both improve flexibility, balance and joint mobility
• Walk indoors – consider using a treadmill, or taking laps at the mall

Dr. Brown emphasizes the importance of tailoring your activity to your individual needs. "It's always a good idea to consult your primary care physician before starting any new exercise regimen," he says. "They can help ensure you're protecting your joints and health while staying active."

When to see a doctor about winter joint pain

If you've done your best to stay active but still find that your joint stiffness or pain persists, it's time to talk to your doctor. They can help determine the cause of your discomfort and recommend the best next steps for you to take, which might include physical therapy, medication, injections or referral to a sports medicine specialist or an orthopedic surgeon. (Related: Who Should You See for Joint or Muscle Pain? A Guide to Choosing the Right Care)

If joint pain is affecting your quality of life year-round, it may be worth discussing whether joint replacement surgery is right for you, especially if it's keeping you from activities you enjoy.

By keeping your joints moving and seeking help when necessary, you can stay ahead of winter joint stiffness and enjoy a healthier, more active season — no matter how low the temperature goes.